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Saturday, February 22, 2014

Meth Panic! American Media's Drug Hysteria Vilifies Poor People


  Drugs  


 

New report by Dr. Carl Hart argues the meth panic is like the crack panic all over again.


Photo Credit: Shutterstock.com/ robtek
 
 
 
You might have seen the billboards or Facebook ads, sponsored by the Montana Meth Project, depicting scabbed, wrinkled faces with rotting teeth and the words “Meth: Not even once,” plastered across the bottom of the frame. Or maybe you’ve heard the media horror stories about how addictive methamphetamine, or “meth,” can be and how recklessly it "destroys young lives."

It’s easy to fall for the emotional hysteria surrounding meth, since these days it's the drug warriors' scapegoat drug of choice, but there is no empirical evidence to support the claims that meth causes physical deformities, rots your teeth or that it’s even close to as addictive as it's made out to be, according to a new report.

Columbia University psychology professor Carl Hart—author of the book High Price—has released a new report via Open Soceity Foundatins titled “Methamphetamine: Fact vs. Fiction and Lessons from the Crack Hysteria” to address the overstated perceptions of the problems associated with meth. He argues that the dangers of meth are exaggerated today just like the dangers of crack were blown out of proportion three decades ago.

“I just want people to understand that we’ve seen this movie before, so just be aware that’s what’s going on [with meth] and try not to fall into that trap,” he said.

Hart is known for previous studies focusing on crack cocaine and the overblown “crack scare” of the 80s.  Similar to what’s happening with meth now, crack cocaine was hyperbolized in mid-80s as being so irresistibly addictive that even first time users would fall prey to its wiles. The media warned of “crack-crazed” addicts and, despite the virtual lack of any scientific evidence for these claims, Congress passed the Anti-Drug Abuse Act setting 100 times harsher penalties for crack than powder cocaine convictions (even though the two are essentially the same drug).

As Hart points out, we know now that the crack panic stemmed not from realistic concerns over the effects of crack, but from a systemic racism. The laws disproportionately targeted black people, who were more likely to use cocaine in its crack form because it was cheaper and easier to attain. During the 80s, a whopping 85 percent of people sentenced for crack cocaine offenses were black, despite the fact that the majority of users were white according to the US Sentencing Commission.

“Everybody now kind of gets that we screwed up with crack cocaine, and that crack cocaine was being used to vilify a certain group: black folks,” said Hart.
Now, methamphetamine has replaced crack as the big, bad drug. And this time around the targets of the smear campaign are poor white people, and gay people.

Hart’s study examines the available data on illicit methamphetamine, or “meth,” in an effort to dispel some of the myths about the effects of the drug and its national and international consequences.

The introduction of the report states, “The data show that many of the immediate and long-term harmful effects caused by [meth] use have been greatly exaggerated in a similar way in which the dangers of crack cocaine were overstated nearly three decades earlier.”

To assess the actual, direct effects of meth on human physiology and behavior, Hart conducted a series of laboratory studies in 2012. The studies were designed to document the immediate and short-term effects of the drug on measures of cognitive functioning, mood, sleep, blood pressure, heart rate and the drug’s addictiveness.

For a study to assess cognitive functioning, mood and sleep patterns, participants received varying double-blind doses of meth, meaning they didn’t know how much meth they were receiving, or whether they were receiving any at all. Participants were given a baseline battery test, then received doses of meth that could range from placebo to 50mg. The participants were reassessed on the battery test at predetermined time points for several hours after, and the results were charted.

The experiment found that after receiving meth, participants reported feeling more euphoric and their cognitive functioning was improved for about four hours. The drug also caused significant increases in blood pressure and heart rate that lasted for up to 24 hours. Hart's report notes that “while these elevations were statistically significant, they were well below levels obtained when engaged in a rigorous physical exercise, for example.”  The drug reduced the amount of time participants slept, but it he didn’t keep people up for consecutive days, it didn’t dangerously elevate their vital signs and it didn’t impair their judgment.

To assess addictiveness, meth-dependent participants were given a choice between taking a big hit of meth (50mg) or $5 cash. They chose the drug about half of the time. But, when the amount of money went up to $20, participants almost never chose the drug. The results proved that meth is not so addictive that it impairs rational judgement.

“So, it if its not as bad as made out to be, how did we get to this place where we see meth as being so evil and destroying all these lives?” Hart asked. “The thing we have to understand is it’s associated with poor white folks.”

The report notes for example that in 1999, “then Oklahoma Governor Frank Keating characterized methamphetamine in this way:

“‘It’s a white trash drug — methamphetamines largely are consumed by the lower socio-economic element of white people and I think we need to shame it. ... Just like crack cocaine was a black trash drug and is a black trash drug.”

Hart notes that poor white people, and gay people, are two groups commonly stigmatized in American society. They’re also the two groups most commonly associate with meth use, so the fact that meth is vilified is no coincidence, he argues.

“Those are two groups that are despised in society, so anything they do that we can distinctly say is ‘what they do,’ is vilifying,” he said. “This just becomes another one of the tools to vilify the groups that we don’t like.”
Hart’s report also notes that, similar to the way crack was made out to be a different and much more dangerous drug than the powder cocaine commonly snorted from the tables and toilet seats of wealthy white people and rock stars, meth is made out to be severely worse than its sister amphetamines.

Like every other amphetamine, meth is a synthetic stimulant. It is approved in several countries, alongside d-amphetamine, to treat a variety of disorders including attention deficit hyperactive disorder, narcolepsy and obesity. As Hart’s report points out, “periodically there are statements in scientific and popular literature attesting to methamphetamine’s greater potency and ‘addictive potential,’ relative to other amphetamines.” But according to Hart’s report such statements are inconsistent with empirical evidence. As it so happens, meth is almost an identical drug to d-amphetamine. They both increase blood pressure, pulse, euphoria and desire to take the drug in a dose-dependent manner.

Hart’s report states that one reason for so many unfounded beliefs about meth is that it’s more easily available on the black market than other amphetamines, due to easier synthesis. According to internet searches and law enforcement personnel, which Hart cites, the ingredients for meth consist of a few common household products and some over-the-counter cold medicine.

Hart said it’s important to consider why certain people use certain drugs. For example, he says it’s clear why students use adderall, another amphetamine: it helps them stay awake and focus when cramming for finals.

“But once the study period and exams are over, we want to make sure they’re not using it recreationally, chronically,” he said.

When it comes to meth, it’s important to consider the reasons why people are using the drug in the first place.

“For people out in the poor communities, the communities that we care about when it comes to meth, we need to figure out why they’re using it and when they’re using it, and try to understand where their use becomes a problem,” he said. “I dont know. Maybe they work in factories or jobs that require they work when they should be sleeping. In that case it just comes down to making sure they’re attending to their sleep habits.”

The report notes that while the proponents of scare tactics argue that they’re successful based on short term results, over time such tactics tend to be unsuccessful ways to mitigate drug use. This is because drug users and their friends quickly get hip to how unrealistic and ridiculous the billboards and media reports actually are. They’re not based in fact, and they come off as phony, even laughable. Hart said a better way to mitigate drug use and its negative impacts is to be honest and approach it from a realistic, health-based perspective, asking “What is it we’re really concerned about when it comes to meth?”

Hart said the two major concerns with meth are sleeping and eating habits.
“When you don't sleep there are all kinds of psychological and physiological effects that could happen that are negative,” he said. “So, one of the things we can do is tell people we recognize the real concern with methamphetamine is sleep—decreasing sleep and chronic sleep loss. Therefore let’s make sure you're taking the drug at a time that’s not near bedtime. And if you are, and you’re having sleep disruption, maybe you should try and help them get some sleeping meds or something else to make sure they are sleeping.

“Also, we know one of the things that meth does is it disrupts food intake,” he continued. “People don’t eat as much. We want to make sure that people are continuing to eat and take care of themselves in that regard as well. So let them know that we understand its an important effect of the drug, but they still have got to eat. Those are the things that I would stress with methamphetamine first.”
Hart said it’s important to remember what we learned from the crack panic of the 80s when thinking about meth today, and to be rational when talking about drugs in general.

“The scientific literature on methamphetamine is replete with unwarranted conclusions, which has provided fuel for the implementation of draconian drug policies that exacerbate problems faced by poor people,” he said. “Like I said, we’ve seen this movie before.”


April M. Short is an associate editor at AlterNet. Follow her on Twitter @AprilMShort.

Alcohol and Energy Drinks A Dangerous Combo, Study Says




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Alcohol and Energy Drinks A Dangerous Combo, Study Says

 

Researchers have published a study that shows college students combining caffeinated drinks with booze don’t realize how intoxicated they really are.

 

Photo via Shutterstock
In a study published in the Journal of Adolescent Health, researchers at the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan have concluded that mixing alcohol and energy drinks poses a serious public health risk, especially among college students. "We found that college students tended to drink more heavily, become more intoxicated, and have more negative drinking consequences on days they used both energy drinks and alcohol, compared to days they only used alcohol," said Megan Patrick, a research assistant professor and co-author of the study.

According to the study, students who either drank alcohol and energy drinks on the same day or who combined the two at the same time wound up spending more time drinking – thus consuming more alcohol – than they would have without the caffeinated drinks. The result of spending more hours drinking raised users' blood alcohol levels to higher peaks. But because of the stimulant effects of the energy drinks, the users reported that they felt less drunk than they actually were. "This can have serious potential health impacts, for example if people don't realize how intoxicated they actually are and decide to drive home," Patrick said.

But a similar study conducted by the Department of Community Health at the Boston University School of Public Health found that it wasn’t necessarily the combination of alcohol and caffeine that posed a risk, but the profile of the drinkers themselves that led to negative consequences. "It appears that the consumption of caffeinated alcoholic beverages has a direct effect on increasing risk by masking intoxication and making it easier for youth to consume more alcohol,” said Dr. Michael Siegel, one of the authors of the Boston University’s study. “It also appears that consumption of alcohol with caffeine may itself be a marker for youth who engage in riskier behavior.”

 Daily News



Health

Energy drinks and alcohol a dangerous combo for college kids: study

College students who combine caffeinated energy drinks with alcohol report feeling less drunk than they actually are, and tend to drink more when the drinks are combined, researchers found in a study published in the Journal of Adolescent Health.




 A new study finds that college students who mix alcohol with energy drinks are more likely to engage in casual sex.

Joe Raedle/Getty Images

Caffeinated energy drinks are a popular mixer in alcoholic beverages for many college students, but combining the two leads to riskier behavior, researchers caution in a new study.


College students who consume energy drinks tend to drink more alcohol, and having both in the same day may lead to more negative consequences, a new study says.

Combining heavily caffeinated energy drinks and alcohol is a trend, especially among college students. In fact, about half of energy drink users admit to combining them with alcohol while partying.

Mixing alcohol and energy drinks is a serious public health concern when compared to drinking alcohol alone. The FDA banned the sale of premixed alcoholic energy drinks such as Four Loco, saying they're unsafe, but it's easy for college kids to just mix their own.

"We were interested in how using energy drinks affects alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences," Megan Patrick told Reuters Health by email.

Patrick is a research assistant professor at the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan. She is co-author of the new study, which was published in the Journal of Adolescent Health.

RELATED: DRUNKEN COLLEGE STUDENT PROUDLY TWEETS .341 BREATHALYZER TEST


"We wanted to compare days college students used both energy drinks and alcohol to days they used only alcohol," Patrick said.

Specifically, the researchers wanted to learn more about the level of alcohol use, whether or not the students thought they were drunk and what consequences occurred on the days when energy drinks and alcohol were both consumed.

The researchers used information from the University Life Study that took place at Penn State University.

Starting with the first semester of college, 744 university students completed surveys for each of seven semesters, plus daily surveys. Data on alcohol and energy drink use was available from spring of the students' sophomore year (spring 2009) to fall of their senior year (fall 2010).

Students were asked about energy drink consumption with and without alcohol. They were asked the number of alcoholic drinks they drank the day before, what time they started drinking, when they stopped and if they got drunk.


RELATED: ALCOHOL ABUSE: SOS CALL FOR SEXUAL CONFUSION?
The researchers also used gender, body weight and length of drinking time to calculate blood alcohol levels.

The consequences of alcohol use were determined by yes or no responses to each of 10 negative consequences, including such things as having a hangover or getting into trouble.

Just over 80 percent of students drank alcohol, and 51 percent consumed at least one energy drink during the study. Thirty percent admitted to using energy drinks and alcohol on the same day at least one time.

The caffeinated alcoholic beverage Four Loko was banned by the FDA, but it's easy for college partiers to mix their own similar drinks, researchers noted.

Paul Sakuma/AP

The caffeinated alcoholic beverage Four Loko was banned by the FDA, but it's easy for college partiers to mix their own similar drinks, researchers noted.

Men consumed a greater number of drinks but also spent more hours drinking than women. Students who consumed more energy drinks also consumed a greater number of alcoholic drinks, and had a trend toward spending more time drinking.

They also reached higher peak blood alcohol levels when they combined alcohol and energy drinks compared with days they only drank alcohol.

RELATED: BUZZ KILL: CAFFEINE DRINKS INCREASE RISK OF ALCOHOLISM

Students were also more likely to report getting drunk and having more negative consequences on the days they also consumed energy drinks.

The researchers also wanted to see if energy drinks were related to negative consequences independent of the amount of alcohol consumed. When they adjusted for blood alcohol levels, they found that energy drink use was no longer associated with students' feeling of being drunk, but it was still linked to a greater number of negative consequences.

"We found that college students tended to drink more heavily, become more intoxicated, and have more negative drinking consequences on days they used both energy drinks and alcohol, compared to days they only used alcohol," Patrick said.

"It's important for consumers to be aware the mixing energy drinks with alcohol, even on the same day, may lead to more serious alcohol-related consequences," Patrick said.

People who consume energy drinks and alcohol are combining the stimulant effects of caffeine and the depressant effects of alcohol, which can make them feel less drunk, when they are actually just as impaired, Patrick said.

RELATED: ALCOHOL DEATHS PROMPT CHANGE AT UPSTATE COLLEGE

"This can have serious potential health impacts, for example if people don't realize how intoxicated they actually are and decide to drive home," she said.
The study doesn't prove that drinking caffeinated beverages causes young adults to drink more alcohol and suffer more consequences. It's possible that people who consume more energy drinks are bigger risk takers.

"It appears that the consumption of caffeinated alcoholic beverages has a direct effect on increasing risk by masking intoxication and making it easier for youth to consume more alcohol. It also appears that consumption of alcohol with caffeine may itself be a marker for youth who engage in riskier behavior," Dr. Michael Siegel told Reuters Health in an email.

Siegel is a professor in the Department of Community Health Sciences at the Boston University School of Public Health. He was not involved in the new study, but he published a similar study last month in the journal Addictive Behavior.
Siegel's team also found that drinking caffeinated alcoholic beverages was associated with a riskier drinking profile and a higher probability of negative alcohol-related consequences.

"More research is needed to help elucidate the mechanisms by which the consumption of caffeinated alcoholic beverages lead to increased risk of adverse consequences. But based on the current evidence, it seems prudent for parents to warn their teenagers about the risks of consuming alcohol mixed with caffeinated beverages," he said.

Friday, February 21, 2014

Signs and Risk Factors of Addiction


MNT


What Are The Signs And Symptoms Of Addiction?

A symptom is something the patient senses and describes, while a sign is something other people, such as the doctor notice. For example, sleepiness may be a symptom while dilated pupils may be a sign.

Substance dependence - when a person is addicted to a substance, such as a drug, alcohol or nicotine, they are not able to control the use of that substance. They continue taking it, even though it may cause harm (the individual may or may not be aware of the potential harm).

Substance dependence can cause powerful cravings. The addict may want to give up (quit), but finds it extremely difficult to do so without help.

The signs and symptoms of substance dependence vary according to the individual, the substance they are addicted to, their family history (genetics), and personal circumstances.
  • The person takes the substance and cannot stop - in many cases, such as nicotine, alcohol or drug dependence, at least one serious attempt was made to give up, but unsuccessfully.
  • Withdrawal symptoms - when body levels of that substance go below a certain level the patient has physical and mood-related symptoms. There are cravings, bouts of moodiness, bad temper, poor focus, a feeling of being depressed and empty, frustration, anger, bitterness and resentment.
  • There may suddenly be increased appetite. Insomnia is a common symptom of withdrawal. In some cases the individual may have constipation or diarrhea. With some substances, withdrawal can trigger violence, trembling, seizures, hallucinations, and sweats.
  • Addiction continues despite health problem awareness - the individual continues taking the substance regularly, even though they have developed illnesses linked to it. For example, a smoker may continue smoking even after a lung or heart condition develops.
  • Social and/or recreational sacrifices - some activities are given up because of an addiction to something. For example, an alcoholic may turn down an invitation to go camping or spend a day out on a boat if no alcohol is available, a smoker may decide not to meet up with friends in a smoke-free pub or restaurant.
  • Maintaining a good supply - people who are addicted to a substance will always make sure they have a good supply of it, even if they do not have much money. Sacrifices may be made in the house budget to make sure the substance is as plentiful as possible.
  • Taking risks (1) - in some cases the addicted individual make take risks to make sure he/she can obtain his/her substance, such as stealing or trading sex for money/drugs.
  • Taking risks (2) - while under the influence of some substances the addict may engage in risky activities, such as driving fast.
  • Dealing with problems - an addicted person commonly feels they need their drug to deal with their problems.
  • Obsession - an addicted person may spend more and more time and energy focusing on ways of getting hold of their substance, and in some cases how to use it.
  • Secrecy and solitude - in many cases the addict may take their substance alone, and even in secret.
  • Denial - a significant number of people who are addicted to a substance are in denial. They are not aware (or refuse to acknowledge) that they have a problem.
  • Excess consumption - in some addictions, such as alcohol, some drugs and even nicotine, the individual consumes it to excess. The consequence can be blackouts (cannot remember chunks of time) or physical symptoms, such as a sore throat and bad persistent cough (heavy smokers).
  • Dropping hobbies and activities - as the addiction progresses the individual may stop doing things he/she used to enjoy a lot. This may even be the case with smokers who find they cannot physically cope with taking part in their favorite sport.
  • Having stashes - the addicted individual may have small stocks of their substance hidden away in different parts of the house or car; often in unlikely places.
  • Taking an initial large dose - this is common with alcoholism. The individual may gulp drinks down in order to get drunk and then feel good.
  • Having problems with the law - this is more a characteristic of some drug and alcohol addictions (not nicotine, for example). This may be either because the substance impairs judgment and the individual takes risks they would not take if they were sober, or in order to get hold of the substance they break the law.
  • Financial difficulties - if the substance is expensive the addicted individual may sacrifice a lot to make sure its supply is secured. Even cigarettes, which in some countries, such as the UK, parts of Europe and the USA cost over $11 dollars for a packet of twenty - a 40-a-day smoker in such an area will need to put aside $660 per month, nearly $8,000 per year.
  • Relationship problems - these are more common in drug/alcohol addiction.
Some substance/alcohol abusers who are not technically addicted may also suffer from or cause some of the descriptions mentioned above, but they do not usually have the withdrawal symptoms of an addict or the same compulsion to consume the substance.


DR PHIL

 

Ten Key Signs of Having an Addiction

Whether it's drug use, sex or overspending, do you wonder if your behavior is crossing the line into addiction? Dr. Gary Stollman, Ph.D., is a psychotherapist who helps individuals overcome self-defeating patterns of behavior. He gives 10 key signs of having an addiction:

 
1) Recurrent failure (pattern) to resist impulses.

2) Frequently engaging in those behaviors to a greater extent or over a longer period of time than intended.

3) Persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to stop, reduce or control those behaviors.

4) Inordinate amount of time spent in obtaining the object of addiction and/or engaging in or recovering from the behavior.

5) Preoccupation with the behavior or preparatory activities.

6) Frequently engaging in behavior when expected to fulfill occupational, academic, domestic or social obligations.

7) Continuation of the behavior despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent social, academic, financial, psychological or physical problem that is caused or exacerbated by the behavior.

8) Need to increase the intensity, frequency, number or risk of behaviors to achieve the desired effect, or diminished effect with continued behaviors at the same level of intensity, frequency, number or risk.

9) Giving up or limiting social, occupational or recreational activities because of the behavior.

10) Resorting to distress, anxiety, restlessness or violence if unable to engage in the behavior at times.


What Are The Risk Factors For Addiction?

A risk factor is something which increases the likelihood of developing a condition or disease. For example, obesity significantly raises the risk of developing diabetes type 2. Therefore, obesity is a risk factor for diabetes type 2.
Although anybody, regardless of age, sex or social status can potentially become addicted to some substances, there are certain factors which may increase the risk:
  • Genetics (family history) - anybody who has a close relative with an addiction problem has a higher risk of eventually having one themselves. It may be argued that environmental and circumstantial factors that close family members share are the prominent causes.
  • Alcoholics are six times more likely than non-alcoholics to have blood relatives who are alcohol dependent. Researchers from the Universidad de Granada, Spain, in a study revealed that "the lack of endorphin is hereditary, and thus that there is a genetic predisposition to become addicted to alcohol".
  • Geneticists believe that the reason some people try cigarettes and do not become smokers, while others do so very quickly is probably linked to the type of genes we inherit from our parents. Some people can smoke once in a while, throughout their lives, and never seem to become addicted, while others are unable to stop smoking without experiencing the unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. It is most likely that the way the receptors on the surface of our brain nerve cells respond to nicotine is influenced by our genes.
  • Gender - a significantly higher percentage of people addicted to a substance are male. According to the Mayo Clinic, USA, males are twice as likely as females to have problems with drugs.
  • Having a mental illness/condition - people with depression, ADHD (attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder) and several other mental conditions/illnesses have a higher risk of eventually becoming addicted to drugs, alcohol or nicotine.
  • Peer pressure - trying to conform with other members of a group and gain acceptance can encourage people to take up the use of potentially addictive substances, and eventually become addicted to them. Peer pressure is an especially strong factor for young people.
  • Family behavior - young people who do not have a strong attachment to their parents and siblings have a higher risk of becoming addicted to something one day, compared to people with deep family attachments.
  • Loneliness - being alone and feeling lonely can lead to the consumption of substances as a way of copying; resulting in a higher risk of addiction.
  • The nature of the substance - some substances, such as crack, heroin or cocaine can bring about addiction more rapidly than others. For example, if a group of people were to take crack every day for six months, and another identical group of people were to drink alcohol every day for the same period, the number of crack addicts at the end of the six months would be a lot higher than the number of alcoholics. For some people trying a substance even once can be enough to spark an addiction. Crack, also known as crack cocaine or rock, is a freebase form of cocaine that can be smoked.
  • Age when substance was first consumed - studies of alcoholism have shown that people who start consuming a drug earlier in life have a higher risk of eventually becoming addicted, than those who started later. Many experts say this also applies to nicotine and drugs.
  • Stress - if a person’s stress levels are high there is a greater chance a substance, such as alcohol may be used in an attempt to blank out the upheaval. Some stress hormones are linked to alcoholism.
  • How the body metabolizes (processes) the substance - in cases of alcohol, for example, individuals who need a higher dose to achieve an effect have a higher risk of eventually becoming addicted.

THE HARMFUL EFFECTS OF LSD

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WHAT IS LSD?

LSD is one of the most potent, mood-changing chemicals. It is manufactured from lysergic acid, which is found in the ergot fungus that grows on rye and other grains.

It is produced in crystal form in illegal laboratories, mainly in the United States. These crystals are converted to a liquid for distribution. It is odorless, colorless, and has a slightly bitter taste.

Known as “acid” and by many other names, LSD is sold on the street in small tablets (“microdots”), capsules or gelatin squares (“window panes”). It is sometimes added to absorbent paper, which is then divided into small squares decorated with designs or cartoon characters (“loony toons”). Occasionally it is sold in liquid form. But no matter what form it comes in, LSD leads the user to the same place—a serious disconnection from reality.

LSD users call an LSD experience a “trip,” typically lasting twelve hours or so. When things go wrong, which often happens, it is called a “bad trip,” another name for a living hell.


WHAT IS AN HALLUCINOGEN?

Hallucinogens are drugs that cause hallucinations. Users see images, hear sounds and feel sensations that seem very real but do not exist. Some hallucinogens also produce sudden and unpredictable changes in the mood of those who use them.

Photo credit: DEA

At the age of 16 I was introduced to a drug that I abused for over three years—LSD. What I was unaware of was the fact that LSD is the most potent hallucinogen known to man.

“The drug came on a small piece of paper no bigger than my index finger, called a blotter. Fifteen minutes after putting the paper on my tongue my entire body got hot and I began to sweat.

“Some other reactions that I experienced while on the drug included dilated pupils, nausea and ‘goose bumps.’ While high on LSD I felt like there was a huge distortion both in my mind and body. The visual changes as well as the extreme changes in mood were like some strange scary trip—one in which I felt like I had no control over my mind and body.” —Edith

WHAT ARE THE RISKS OF LSD?

The effects of LSD are unpredictable. They depend on the amount taken, the person’s mood and personality, and the surroundings in which the drug is used. It is a roll of the dice—a racing, distorted high or a severe, paranoid1 low.
Normally, the first effects of LSD are experienced thirty to ninety minutes after taking the drug. Often, the pupils become dilated. The body temperature can become higher or lower, while the blood pressure and heart rate either increase or decrease. Sweating or chills are not uncommon.

LSD users often experience loss of appetite, sleeplessness, dry mouth and tremors. Visual changes are among the more common effects—the user can become fixated on the intensity of certain colors.
Extreme changes in mood, anywhere from a spaced-out “bliss” to intense terror, are also experienced. The worst part is that the LSD user is unable to tell which sensations are created by the drug and which are part of reality.
 
Some LSD users experience an intense bliss they mistake for “enlightenment.”
Not only do they disassociate from their usual activities in life, but they also feel the urge to keep taking more of the drug in order to re-experience the same sensation. Others experience severe, terrifying thoughts and feelings, fear of losing control, fear of insanity and death, and despair while using LSD. Once it starts, there is often no stopping a “bad trip,” which can go on for up to twelve hours. In fact, some people never recover from an acid-induced psychosis.
Taken in a large enough dose, LSD produces delusions and visual hallucinations. The user’s sense of time and self changes. Sizes and shapes of objects become distorted, as do movements, colors and sounds. Even one’s sense of touch and the normal bodily sensations turn into something strange and bizarre. Sensations may seem to “cross over,” giving the user the feeling of hearing colors and seeing sounds. These changes can be frightening and can cause panic.

The ability to make sensible judgments and see common dangers is impaired. An LSD user might try to step out a window to get a “closer look” at the ground. He might consider it fun to admire the sunset, blissfully unaware that he is standing in the middle of a busy intersection.

Many LSD users experience flashbacks, or a recurrence of the LSD trip, often without warning, long after taking LSD.

Bad trips and flashbacks are only part of the risks of LSD use. LSD users may manifest relatively long-lasting psychoses or severe depression.

Because LSD accumulates in the body, users develop a tolerance for the drug. In other words, some repeat users have to take it in increasingly higher doses to achieve a “high.” This increases the physical effects and also the risk of a bad trip that could cause psychosis.
“At 13 years of age I took my first drink and soon after was introduced to marijuana. Then LSD quickly fell into my hands and I became addicted, eating it like candy.
  “One night during one of my binges I blacked out and awoke with blood all over my face and vomit coming out of my mouth. By some miracle I pulled myself awake and cleaned myself up. I got into the car, shaking, drove to my parent’s house. I climbed into bed with my mom and cried.

“By the age of 21, I checked into my first rehab.” —Donna
  1. 1. paranoid: suspicious, distrustful or afraid of other people.

 

THE HARMFUL EFFECTS OF LSD

On LSD, which is often taken in tab form, an intense, altered state transforms into disassociation and despair. Often there is no stopping “bad trips,” which can go on for up to twelve hours.

“I started drinking at the age of 15. Then I progressed to taking Ecstasy, speed, cocaine and LSD.

“I found it difficult to hold down a job and became depressed and thought I would never overcome my obsession with drugs. I attempted suicide twice by overdosing on pills. I was put under psychiatrists who gave me even more drugs, antidepressants and tranquilizers, which just made matters worse.

“As an outlet for my feelings I turned to self-harm—I started cutting and burning myself.” —Justin

Physical Effects

  • Dilated pupils
  • Higher or lower body temperature
  • Sweating or chills (“goose bumps”)
  • Loss of appetite
  • Sleeplessness
  • Dry mouth
  • Tremors

Mental Effects

  • Delusions
  • Visual hallucinations
  • An artificial sense of euphoria or certainty
  • Distortion of one’s sense of time and identity
  • Impaired depth perception
  • Impaired time perception, distorted perception of the size and shape of objects, movements, color, sounds, touch and the user’s own body image
  • Severe, terrifying thoughts and feelings
  • Fear of losing control
  • Panic attacks
  • Flashbacks, or a recurrence of the LSD trip, often without warning long after taking LSD
  • Severe depression or psychosis
"After taking the acid, I imagined that we had driven head-on into an eighteen-wheeler and were killed. I could hear the screeching metal, then a dark and evil quiet. I was terrified at this point, I actually thought we were dead....For a year I wouldn’t go into any cemetery because I was terrified I would find my own grave.” —Jenny


INTERNATIONAL STATISTICS

LSD is the most powerful hallucinogenic (mind-altering) drug. It is 100 times more potent than hallucinogenic mushrooms.
 
In Europe, as many as 4.2% of those aged 15 to 24 have taken LSD at least once. When surveyed, the percentage of people in this age group who had used LSD in the past year exceeded 1% in seven countries (Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Italy, Latvia, Hungary and Poland).

In America, since 1975, researchers funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse have annually surveyed nearly 17,000 high school seniors nationwide to determine trends in drug use and to measure the students’ attitudes and beliefs about drug abuse. Between 1975 and 1997, the lowest period of LSD use was reported by the class of 1986, when 7.2% of high school seniors reported using LSD at least once in their lives.

The percentage of seniors reporting LSD use at least once over the course of the prior year nearly doubled from a low of 4.4% in 1985 to 8.4% in 1997. In 1997, 13.6% of seniors had experimented with LSD at least once in their lives.

A study released in January 2008 found that about 3.1 million people in the US aged 12 to 25 said they had used LSD.
LSD is 4000 times stronger than mescaline.
 
“I started hanging out at strip clubs, casinos and became very promiscuous, visiting brothel after brothel and soon to be introduced to other drugs.

“I had now lost all my inheritance and had to move into a crack house where I stayed for a year watching people die, losing my business and becoming a thief.
“I was arrested in November 2003 for attempted hijacking and went to prison.
“I had hurt and lost everyone that loved me and I was disowned.

“I ended up homeless and on the streets living and sleeping in a cardboard box by the [train] station, begging and struggling to find ways to get my next meal.” —Fred


LSD: A SHORT HISTORY

Albert Hofmann

Photo credit: The Albert Hofmann Foundation
 
Albert Hofmann, a chemist working for Sandoz Pharmaceutical, synthesized1 LSD for the first time in 1938, in Basel, Switzerland, while looking for a blood stimulant. However, its hallucinogenic effects were unknown until 1943 when Hofmann accidentally consumed some LSD. It was later found that an oral dose of as little as 25 micrograms (equal in weight to a few grains of salt) is capable of producing vivid hallucinations.

 
Harvard psychologist Timothy Leary, who promoted LSD and other mind-bending psychiatric drugs, was arrested and imprisoned for drug-related crimes.

Photo credit: DEA/Timothy Leary arrest
 
Because of its similarity to a chemical present in the brain and its similarity in effects to certain aspects of psychosis, LSD was used in experiments by psychiatrists through the 1940s, ’50s and ’60s. While the researchers failed to discover any medical use for the drug, the free samples supplied by Sandoz Pharmaceuticals for the experiments were distributed broadly, leading to wide use of this substance.

LSD was popularized in the 1960s by individuals such as psychologist Timothy Leary, who encouraged American students to “turn on, tune in, and drop out.” This created an entire counterculture of drug abuse and spread the drug from America to the United Kingdom and the rest of Europe. Even today, use of LSD in the United Kingdom is significantly higher than in other parts of the world.

 
 
Psychiatric mind-control programs focusing on LSD and other hallucinogens created a generation of acidheads.
 
While the ‘60s counterculture used the drug to escape the problems of society, the Western intelligence community and the military saw it as a potential chemical weapon. In 1951, these organizations began a series of experiments. US researchers noted that LSD “is capable of rendering whole groups of people, including military forces, indifferent to their surroundings and situations, interfering with planning and judgment, and even creating apprehension, uncontrollable confusion and terror.”

Experiments in the possible use of LSD to change the personalities of intelligence targets, and to control whole populations, continued until the United States officially banned the drug in 1967.

Use of LSD declined in the 1980s, but picked up again in the 1990s. For a few years after 1998 LSD had become more widely used at dance clubs and all-night raves by older teens and young adults. Use dropped significantly in 2000 or so.
“The days following my LSD use, I was filled with anxiety and extreme depression. Following my first ‘trip’ on LSD, I would eat it frequently, sometimes up to four or five times per week for an extended period. Each time I would take the drug, mentally I was drifting more and more out of reality. The eventual effect was the inability to feel normal in my own skin.” —Andrea
  1. 1. synthesize: to make (a drug) by combining chemicals.
 

WHAT DEALERS WILL TELL YOU

When teens were surveyed to find out why they started using drugs in the first place, 55% replied that it was due to pressure from their friends. They wanted to be cool and popular. Dealers know this.
They will approach you as a friend and offer to “help you out” with “something to bring you up.” The drug will “help you fit in” or “make you cool.”
 
Drug dealers, motivated by the profits they make, will say anything to get you to buy their drugs. They will tell you that taking LSD will “expand your mind.”

They don’t care if the drugs ruin your life as long as they are getting paid. All they care about is money. Former dealers have admitted they saw their buyers as “pawns in a chess game.”

Get the facts about drugs. Make your own decisions.

“Within my own little trip world I started to get paranoid, feeling my friends were conspiring to do something, maybe even kill me. I thought to myself, I have to get out of here.

“I ran into my friend’s bedroom, opened the window as wide as it would go and jumped out. Luckily for me my friend lived on the ground floor. I ran across a wooded area toward a bridge. I could feel my heart starting to beat faster and faster. I heard voices telling me I was going to have a heart attack and die.

“This was not the end. Years later, I was running and all of a sudden, bam, I was having flashbacks of the time I was running in my trip. I started to have a bad panic attack and heard voices telling me I was going to have a heart attack and die.

“I would tell anyone even thinking of taking LSD to reconsider.” —Brian
 

HE TRUTH ABOUT DRUGS

The real answer is to get the facts and not to take drugs in the first place.
Drugs are essentially poisons. The amount taken determines the effect.

A small amount acts as a stimulant (speeds you up). A greater amount acts as a sedative (slows you down). An even larger amount poisons and can kill.

This is true of any drug. Only the amount needed to achieve the effect differs.
But many drugs have another liability: they directly affect the mind. They can distort the user’s perception of what is happening around him or her. As a result, the person’s actions may be odd, irrational, inappropriate and even destructive.
Drugs block off all sensations, the desirable ones with the unwanted. So, while providing short-term help in the relief of pain, they also wipe out ability and alertness and muddy one’s thinking.

Medicines are drugs that are intended to speed up or slow down or change something about the way your body is working, to try to make it work better. Sometimes they are necessary. But they are still drugs: they act as stimulants or sedatives, and too much can kill you. So if you do not use medicines as they are supposed to be used, they can be as dangerous as illegal drugs.

why do people take drugs?

People take drugs because they want to change something in their lives.
Here are some of the reasons young people have given for taking drugs:
  • To fit in
  • To escape or relax
  • To relieve boredom
  • To seem grown up
  • To rebel
  • To experiment
They think drugs are a solution. But eventually, the drugs become the problem.
Difficult as it may be to face one’s problems, the consequences of drug use are always worse than the problem one is trying to solve with them. The real answer is to get the facts and not to take drugs in the first place.

MAKE SURE OTHERS GET THE FACTS

These pages of drugfreeworld.org are based on the content of our thirteen easy-to-read booklets in The Truth About Drugs series.

These booklets are free and can be ordered as a set or individually. You can give them to friends, family and others who should know the facts they contain.
Refer others to this website.

Click here to order your FREE The Truth About Drugs booklets.
To see the references to The Truth About LSD click here.

Getting out of my mind: drugs, yoga, meditation & me.

Elephant Journal


Getting out of my mind: drugs, yoga, meditation & me.

 
Via on Apr 26, 2011
 
 
Kara-Leah Grant

Pull up a comfy chair my friend, I’m going to tell you a story.

Once upon a time there was a strait-laced middle class girl completely opposed to drugs because Authority had told her they were Bad. And she believed in Authority.

Yet as she grew into her late teens and observed people around her drinking alcohol and smoking pot, What she’d been Told and What she Saw were two completely different things.

What she Saw was people having a whole lot of fun, while she was sitting on the sidelines all prim, proper, tightly-wound and separate. And she didn’t want to be separate from everybody else, she too wanted to be relaxed, having fun, part of something bigger than herself.

Not so much Peer Pressure then – she’d learned all about that in school and there was no way anyone wouldever Pressure her into doing Anything.
No, this was Peer Pull – and no one had ever mentioned anything about Peer Pull in school, so she had no defenses against it.

And so the journey into drugs began… first with alcohol: Didn’t like the taste much. Or the cost. Didn’t like being out of control. Stayed away mostly for the first few years. Then came living in Canada and $2 drink nights. No more cost barrier. Plus discovered Vodka Cranberry. No more taste barrier. Suddenly, instead of being the sober observer separate from everybody else in the pub, club, bar, BBQ, dinner party… a few drinks allowed relaxation and dissolving barriers dismantled the constructs of the Mind so one dropped completely into the moment and just went with what was. Awesome!

Marijuana second: A very different experience to alcohol. Sensory enhancing rather then reducing. Moment slowing rather then speeding up. Consciousness expanding. Something to do alone while exploring the nature of Mind. Something to do in nature while exploring the nature of Life. Something to do with others while exploring the nature of Relationship. Pot allowed a slow down of internal functions in such a way that the mind could be observed in action – observing thoughts, observing feelings.

What came next? It’s all a bit fuzzy really. So in no particular order.

Mushrooms: A favourite for a long time. Organic. A sensory explosion. A consciousness explosion. Extraordinary sense of oneness with the natural world. Total wonderment at the stars, at forests, lakes, rivers and canyons. Worlds upon worlds upon worlds opening up. Until the issues of psyche began to arise, changing the nature of the trip. What was fun became a psychological process with support necessary. Unshed tears from childhood breaking through. Understandings of family dynamics arising. Unresolved or expressed grief coming up. Nothing recreational about this anymore… something much deeper going on.

LSD/Acid: Similar to mushrooms but far more intense. Metallic. Can still taste it. Dangerous. Oh so dangerous. The warnings were clear though. Always on good terms with my dreams, six months prior to LSD-induced psychosis, there was a dream clearly warning me of this event. Where mushrooms had softy begun to expose the unresolved issues of unconsciousness and psyche, LSD flung open the doors of perception and marched out all weaknesses for minute examination. Wasn’t ready for that. Didn’t understand. Collapsed mentally and emotionally.

Ecstasy: One tiny pill, one giant love buzz. Nothing ever like the first, always on a slippery slope of ever-diminishing returns. So THIS is what unconditional LOVE for ALL feels like. Pity it couldn’t be maintained after the comedowns. Nasty nasty comedowns, getting worse by the year. But always the tiny thought… what would happen if all of humanity did E, just once? Or maybe twice? Just to experience what it feels like to truly love your fellow human being completely just for being them? Fantasies of putting it in city water supplies. Eventually the guilt over taking drugs over-powered the chemical high and taking e didn’t even really work anymore. Didn’t go up, just came down. Damn powerful Mind.

Ketamine: Special K. Horse tranquiliser. What was I thinking? All boundaries of body disappear. Where’s my legs? What happened to my torso? Complete stupification. Thank God it only last a short time. Ten minutes. 30 minutes. Can’t remember now. Ugh!

Speed: Only ever touched this once. Maybe twice. Nasty drug. I’m energetic and upbeat enough thank you very much. Certainly don’t need to be kept awake all night on a knife’s edge of anxiety  with crawling skin. Don’t get this one. Doesn’t gel with my psyche at all. Steered well clear after that.

Cocaine: The party drug. Common as chips in Canada, and just as cheap. Just like having a drink right? Go out, have one or two drinks, have one or two lines? And oh the ego boost. I am fantastic. Of course, you’re wonderful too. But me! Awesome! Just listen to me… Ego, Ego, Ego. Let me boost thy Ego with Star Wattage. Short-lived though. Half an hour of POWER and then… more? Always maxed out on about four lines. Internal sense of ‘had enough’. Thank God. No coke benders for this girl. Still had the horrendous comedowns though. H-O-R-R-E-N-D-O-U-S. Can’t even IMAGINE putting myself through that now. What was I thinking?

Nicotine: An interesting one. Never a smoker, I did have the odd drag here and there to turbo charge E. Brought on the most intense body rushes. And then later, back in NZ, completely clean, living with two smokers who would retreat outside to the balcony most evenings to smoke and talk… started joining in so I could be part of the crew again (always seeking oneness huh?). Just a drag here and there. The odd full smoke. Enjoy just that much. But that’s enough. Too disgusting to smoke more. Now… might mindfully have a half a cigarette (three drags seems to be the limit) after a couple of glasses of wine once or twice a year.

Did I leave anything out? Never touched heroin – I wasn’t crazy. Just a social drug taker. Like most people are social drinkers right? Everyone was doing it. All the time. Just the circles we moved in. Hospitality workers. Travellers. Seekers. Questioners. Rat race drop outs.

Besides, I was never a big user of anything right? Even though I spent a good seven years on something anywhere from two days a week to seven days a week.

I mean, there were always other people doing far more than me. Grams of coke to my half gram. Three or four ecstasy pills to my one. Bong after bong to my one pipe. A full tab of acid to my half.

No addict, I was aware enough to know my drug use meant that I wasn’t completely healthy and whole. I knew it was a symptom of issues. And when the fun levels began to diminish and the comedowns increased, I knew the ride was over and it was time to stop.

Think of my drug use like a bell curve. By the time all that playing with consciousness and a kundalini awakening (that’s another story…) exploded my psyche with psychosis, I was well down the last 25% of the Bell Curve.

Two episodes of psychosis was enough to rush me all the way down to bottom. Almost. I still drink alcohol occasionally. And I continued to smoke weed off and on for about another four years. Pregnancy put an end to that, once and for all. Can’t imagine being stoned now. Don’t need to, and the cost would be far too high.

That’s the story of use… It’s nothing out of the ordinary. I know hundreds of people just like myself – people who hold down jobs, make good money, function perfectly well in society and also take some serious recreational drugs. It was the total norm in hospitality. Amongst Kiwis traveling overseas. And it wasn’t taxing financially either – over in Canada, where I spent the majority of my time, recreational drugs were often cheaper than booze.

Now what to make of it all?

I’ve had plenty of time to reflect since I came home from Canada in 2004, plus even when I was using drugs, I was always an observer of my experience. I’d started practicing yoga semi-regularly in 2000, and also often smoked weed expressly for the purpose of meditation. As a result, I have a very good understanding of why I did what I did, what needs were being met and why I stopped.

For a start, you can divide the way I took drugs into two categories. First up, social enhancers:

These are drugs that we take to make us feel good about mixing with other people. It’s probably the main reason most people use drugs. For me, social enhancers were alcohol, cocaine and ecstasy. Left to my own devices, I’d never touch them. Never took any of them alone – that would just be silly. You can further divide these three up into those that worked on the ego level – alcohol and cocaine (enhancing the ego, boosting it), and those that worked on the heart – opening it, softening it – ecstasy.

Taking e was a full-blown heart-opening experience. Until then, I’d not realised I was living completely in my head. I hadn’t known what it truly felt like to feel love for other people. To feel open, and relaxed, and calm, and connected.

Four years after my first hit of e, I was working with a healer in Hawaii, and I walked out of a session with him feeling the same kind of heart-open experience as e, only without all the jagged jitters around the edge.

That was when I realised that what I felt on e could be the natural state of being – and I’d never need to come down. (Also the beginning of that kundalini awakening… more to come in another article.)

This was a Watershed moment. There’s a BIG difference to a life experienced from the mind and a life experienced from the heart.

And I’d just discovered that it was possible to find a natural way into open-heart living – this was worth pursuing! Later, I would feel the same heart-open sensation after a great yoga class or a Kirtan session, and eventually, it would become something that I experienced as a natural way of being.

My need to take social enhancing drugs was an unconscious drive to connect – to drop the strait-jacket of Mind I lived in and just be my natural self around other people with no fear.

I knew there was another way to be I just didn’t know how to find it any other way than through drugs (at that time).

The second category of drugs are consciousness-expanders:

These are the drugs that shift our perception of consciousness. I’d put nicotine into this category, and also weed, acid, and mushrooms. These are the drugs I’d sometimes even take alone to journey within my own mind. Especially weed. It was probably my most favourite drug and the most difficult one to give up. It was also the one I used most consciously to develop my psyche.

For example. People talk about how weed induces paranoia. From my own experimenting, I would say this isn’t strictly true. Weed highlights any insecurities buried in the psyche – fears about what other people think of you mainly. Once the insecurities are gone, so too is any paranoia. With my powers of observation – the development of the Witness within – I was able to constructively work with weed (or so I thought at the time). When I noticed feelings of paranoia arising, I could sit with them and observe where they started, what thoughts accompanied them, what was truly going on in my psyche underneath, and release it.

Later I began to realise that weed allows us to emotionally detach, which can make appear as if its easier to work through some issues, but in reality, all those emotions that one is detaching from still have to be felt and released. Smoking weed was just constantly putting off the inevitable. It wasn’t under I quit for good that I was finally able to get through some pretty serious relationship and intimacy issues that had been affecting me for years. Decades even.

I can’t remember if I started taking mushrooms before or after reading Carlos Castenda’s books… but I do know his apprenticeship to a shaman and subsequent drug-taking was a big influence on me. Who doesn’t want to travel to other realms and learn to use psychic powers? I’ve heard quite a few people explain away their drug use in this context;
Hey shamans do it, so it’s all ok.
Yeah right. Aside from the fact that Carlos might have all been a giant hoax…
Even if shamans did use drugs… they certainly didn’t use them the way we Western recreational users do. Their use had context, ritual, and ceremony attached. There was specific intention, and guides to help you through.

Plus there was always an understanding that drug use has a cost attached to it. And that cost must be paid, one way or another. Now, I do all my other-realm traveling and polishing of psychic powers via yoga and meditation.

Acid was another drug heavily promoted in the ’60s and ’70s as part of society’s evolution, and I have no doubt whatsoever that it shifts our experience of consciousness enormously. Those that studied LSD use were even able to categorise LSD trips into four specific types, each one following logically on from the other:
  1. Abstract and aesthetic experiences
  2. Psycho-dynamic experiences
  3. Perinatal experiences
  4. Transpersonal experiences
I don’t have room to go into depth on these four stages here, but I know that from my personal experience, it’s exactly what happened to me. Taking LSD and mushrooms dug up aspects of my unconscious and subconscious, bringing repressed issues to the surface for healing and integrating. Trouble was, I didn’t know this was going on and the walls of my psyche literally collapsed, with all of these issues swirling around and manifesting as psychosis.

The interesting thing too is that I know people who’ve taken LSD hundreds of times and never had anything other than abstract and aesthetic experiences. Me, I only ever took LSD a handful of times, and very quickly progressed right through to transpersonal experiences. No doubt having an awakening Kundalini had something to do with that… (yep, that other article I’m promising you.)

With the perspective of hindsight, I can see now that my drive to take consciousness-expanding drugs was all about the quest for oneness, or as Paths Beyond Ego: Transpersonal Vision puts it – the need for transpersonal experiences.
Transpersonal experiences may be defined as experiences in which the sense of identity or self extends beyond (trans) the individual or personal to encompass wider aspects of humankind, life, psyche, and cosmos. Paths Beyond Ego: Transpersonal Vision.
These two deep human needs – the need for connection (via expression of the authentic self) and the need for oneness underscored all of my drug use.
Like many people in their twenties, I had issues with intimacy, I lived in my mind, I was judgmental and analytical, I had a low level of underlying anxiety about success and doing well… and I was mostly totally oblivious that all of these things were going on in my unconsciousness and subconscious.

This total lack of awareness meant my behaviour was driven by things I didn’t even know about. On the surface, I just thought I was having Fun, Fun, Fun. Because everything was fun, definitely more fun than the rigid, controlled, limited sense of self I usually occupied from within my mind.

By the time all this Fun exploded into psychosis, I’d already started to wean myself off drugs. My growing levels of awareness due to an increasing yoga and meditation practice meant that all those buried sub and unconscious factors were starting to push their way to the surface and I wasn’t able to surrender unknowingly into the drug experience anymore.

I was increasingly aware that my drug use masked issues and I needed to sort myself out.

I didn’t find it difficult to stop using drugs, it just meant sticking with my yoga practice, and staying away from drug-saturated situations.

Unfortunately, that was most of my social circle. And stopping using meant I began to separate out from the people I’d been friends with for years. I did sometimes still go out to dance parties and full moon outdoor parties and stay relatively sober – maybe just smoke a little pot.

And it was difficult.

For a start, I was far more clear sighted than everyone else wandering around fucked up on ecstasy, cocaine, mushrooms and acid. When you’re on those drugs, you have no idea that you’re OBVIOUSLY fucked up. And it was ugly. Real ugly. Inane conversations. Gurning of the face. Incessant chewing. Total focus on staying high, to the exclusion of all else.

I was once again on the outside looking in and seeing a truth that dismayed me – especially because what I was seeing was myself.

Then the psychosis (or spiritual emergency as Ken Wilber would have classified it) hammered home the end of my drug use.

It meant I came home, to small town New Zealand, where the only drugs around (that I saw) were alcohol and pot. My levels of awareness meant my days of getting drunk were mostly done. My alcohol use continued to slowly decline until now when one or two glasses is more than enough. I just can’t physically get drunk anymore.

What I did find really difficult was finding my place again. And facing all of those long-buried issues I’d been able to successfully ignore while living way away from home, and in a bubble of partying and good times.

In Canada, I’d had a huge circle of (mostly drug-taking but not all) friends – fellow hospitality workers, dancers, artists, film-makers, travelers, passionate outdoor enthusiasts, creatives… great folk!

In New Zealand, I didn’t know how to make new friends without going to bars, clubs, parties… all of which involved drinking (boring!) and to a lesser extent, other drugs.

My experiences meant I couldn’t view other people getting high and drunk without having a sense that they had shit they needed to work on. I was in a serious judgment-phase of my post-drug journey as I pushed against the way I didn’t want to be anymore. I craved healthy, whole people who were capable of hanging out and having a great time without needing to be drunk to do it.

I found this in the yoga community, amongst other people who’d also found ways to healthily address those deep human needs for connection and oneness through their yoga and meditation practice.

Going out to party now meant heading to a friend’s house for Kirtan followed by a pot luck dinner – and dang it all if the feeling and connection wasn’t identical to all those e-fuelled house parties many years ago – except the feeling and connection was real, solid, grounded, and clear.

And this is what all my drug use has taught me.

We humans crave connection – true connection that allows us to express our authentic selves without fear of being judged, and connection that says ‘I love you and I feel your love for me, just as we are here today, two humans doing the best we can with what we know’.

We humans also crave oneness - a sense that we are more than this body this mind in this place at this time. We remember our divinity and we want to know it again.

To me, what this means is that if we can look upon those who take drugs with understanding and compassion, instead of condemnation and criticism, we can offer a pathway out of use and into wholeness.
We can say;
Hey, I understand. I was there once too, and now, with the help of yoga, meditation, friends and family (and maybe psychotherapy of some form), I’m not anymore. Let me know if you’re interested in finding your own way along the path to wholeness.
Because for many of us, drug use is just part of the path. It doesn’t define who we are. I am not an alcoholic, nor am I an addict.

I am a person who, in the past, used drugs. My experience does not define me for all time. By constantly seeking out answers to this great mystery of life, and by bringing greater and greater awareness to my experience and perspective of drug use via my yoga and meditation practice, I naturally found a path that went beyond drug use.

My path won’t be the path that all people who use drugs take.
Some will do well with twelve step programs. Some will do well with rehab. Some will do well with another transpersonal practice – tai chi, buddhism, taoism.

And those who sit in judgment of drug users - I see your fear. For if you were not afraid you wouldn’t be able to sit in judgment, instead you would offer love and compassion. The question you could ask yourself instead is;
Why do I judge these people? What in me is still unresolved that I’m afraid to face?
For it is easy to stigmatize the illegal drug user yet abuse food, nicotine, alcohol, women, tv, computer games, work… anything that we use to distract us from ourselves, to ease our discomfort in the face of life… this is our drug.
 
In the end, we are all on the same path, facing our own demons in a myriad or guises.

For some of us the demons are smaller and more easily integrated – or held at bay and ignored. For others, the demons loom large and demand attention, insisting that we do all we can to become who we truly are.

Whatever the path we’re on, none of us can ever truly know what it’s like to live as another. All we can ever do is offer understanding, love, and compassion that says;
I’m with you, on the same path or one very similar, and if you ever need a hand, or just someone to laugh with, sing out.
That’s exactly what I’m doing right here, right now. I’m singing out – singing out my truth, my perspective, my understanding, and I’m offering it all with love and compassion.

And maybe too just a smidgen of a prayer—that whatever the challenge is that you’re facing you have the strength to be all that you are. We all do.